SQL Key Words

PostgreSQL 9.1.0 Documentation
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# Appendix C. SQL Key Words

Table C-1 lists all tokens that are key words in the SQL standard and in PostgreSQL 9.1.0. Background information can be found in Section 4.1.1.

SQL distinguishes between reserved and non-reserved key words. According to the standard, reserved key words are the only real key words; they are never allowed as identifiers. Non-reserved key words only have a special meaning in particular contexts and can be used as identifiers in other contexts. Most non-reserved key words are actually the names of built-in tables and functions specified by SQL. The concept of non-reserved key words essentially only exists to declare that some predefined meaning is attached to a word in some contexts.

In the PostgreSQL parser life is a bit more complicated. There are several different classes of tokens ranging from those that can never be used as an identifier to those that have absolutely no special status in the parser as compared to an ordinary identifier. (The latter is usually the case for functions specified by SQL.) Even reserved key words are not completely reserved in PostgreSQL, but can be used as column labels (for example, `SELECT 55 AS CHECK`, even though `CHECK` is a reserved key word).

In Table C-1 in the column for PostgreSQL we classify as "non-reserved" those key words that are explicitly known to the parser but are allowed as column or table names. Some key words that are otherwise non-reserved cannot be used as function or data type names and are marked accordingly. (Most of these words represent built-in functions or data types with special syntax. The function or type is still available but it cannot be redefined by the user.) Labeled "reserved" are those tokens that are not allowed as column or table names. Some reserved key words are allowable as names for functions or data types; this is also shown in the table. If not so marked, a reserved key word is only allowed as an "AS" column label name.

As a general rule, if you get spurious parser errors for commands that contain any of the listed key words as an identifier you should try to quote the identifier to see if the problem goes away.

It is important to understand before studying Table C-1 that the fact that a key word is not reserved in PostgreSQL does not mean that the feature related to the word is not implemented. Conversely, the presence of a key word does not indicate the existence of a feature.

Table C-1. SQL Key Words

Key Word | PostgreSQL | SQL:2008 | SQL:2003 | SQL:1999 | SQL-92
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
`A` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`ABORT` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`ABS` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`ABSENT` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`ABSOLUTE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`ACCESS` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`ACCORDING` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`ACTION` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`ADA` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`ADD` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`ADMIN` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`AFTER` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`AGGREGATE` | non-reserved |  |  | reserved |
`ALIAS` |  |  |  | reserved |
`ALL` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ALLOCATE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ALSO` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`ALTER` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ALWAYS` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`ANALYSE` | reserved |  |  |  |
`ANALYZE` | reserved |  |  |  |
`AND` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ANY` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ARE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ARRAY` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`ARRAY_AGG` |  | reserved |  |  |
`AS` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ASC` | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`ASENSITIVE` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`ASSERTION` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`ASSIGNMENT` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`ASYMMETRIC` | reserved | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`AT` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ATOMIC` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`ATTRIBUTE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`ATTRIBUTES` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`AUTHORIZATION` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`AVG` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`BACKWARD` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`BASE64` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`BEFORE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`BEGIN` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`BERNOULLI` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`BETWEEN` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`BIGINT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved |  |
`BINARY` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`BIT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) |  |  | reserved | reserved
`BITVAR` |  |  |  | non-reserved |
`BIT_LENGTH` |  |  |  | non-reserved | reserved
`BLOB` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`BLOCKED` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`BOM` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`BOOLEAN` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`BOTH` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`BREADTH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`BY` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`C` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CACHE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`CALL` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`CALLED` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`CARDINALITY` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`CASCADE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`CASCADED` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CASE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CAST` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CATALOG` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`CATALOG_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CEIL` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`CEILING` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`CHAIN` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`CHAR` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CHARACTER` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CHARACTERISTICS` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`CHARACTERS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`CHARACTER_LENGTH` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CHARACTER_SET_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CHAR_LENGTH` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`CHECK` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CHECKED` |  |  |  | non-reserved |
`CHECKPOINT` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`CLASS` | non-reserved |  |  | reserved |
`CLASS_ORIGIN` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CLOB` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`CLOSE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CLUSTER` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`COALESCE` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`COBOL` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`COLLATE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`COLLATION` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`COLLATION_CATALOG` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`COLLATION_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`COLLATION_SCHEMA` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`COLLECT` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`COLUMN` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`COLUMNS` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`COLUMN_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`COMMAND_FUNCTION` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`COMMENT` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`COMMENTS` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`COMMIT` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`COMMITTED` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`COMPLETION` |  |  |  | reserved |
`CONCURRENTLY` | reserved (can be function or type) |  |  |  |
`CONDITION` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`CONDITION_NUMBER` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CONFIGURATION` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`CONNECT` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CONNECTION` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`CONNECTION_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CONSTRAINT` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CONSTRAINTS` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`CONSTRAINT_CATALOG` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CONSTRAINT_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CONSTRUCTOR` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`CONTAINS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`CONTENT` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`CONTINUE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`CONTROL` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`CONVERSION` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`CONVERT` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`COPY` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`CORR` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`CORRESPONDING` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`COST` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`COUNT` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`COVAR_POP` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`COVAR_SAMP` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`CREATE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CROSS` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CSV` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`CUBE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`CUME_DIST` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`CURRENT` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CURRENT_CATALOG` | reserved | reserved |  |  |
`CURRENT_DATE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`CURRENT_PATH` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`CURRENT_ROLE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`CURRENT_SCHEMA` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved |  |  |
`CURRENT_TIME` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CURRENT_TIMESTAMP` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`CURRENT_USER` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CURSOR` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`CURSOR_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`CYCLE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`DATA` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | non-reserved
`DATABASE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`DATALINK` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DATE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`DAY` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DB` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`DEALLOCATE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DEC` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DECIMAL` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DECLARE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DEFAULT` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DEFAULTS` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`DEFERRABLE` | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`DEFERRED` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`DEFINED` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`DEFINER` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`DEGREE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`DELETE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DELIMITER` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`DELIMITERS` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`DENSE_RANK` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DEPTH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`DEREF` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`DERIVED` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`DESC` | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`DESCRIBE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DESCRIPTOR` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`DESTROY` |  |  |  | reserved |
`DESTRUCTOR` |  |  |  | reserved |
`DETERMINISTIC` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`DIAGNOSTICS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`DICTIONARY` | non-reserved |  |  | reserved |
`DISABLE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`DISCARD` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`DISCONNECT` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DISPATCH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`DISTINCT` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DLNEWCOPY` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLPREVIOUSCOPY` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLURLCOMPLETE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLURLCOMPLETEONLY` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLURLCOMPLETEWRITE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLURLPATH` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLURLPATHONLY` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLURLPATHWRITE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLURLSCHEME` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLURLSERVER` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DLVALUE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`DO` | reserved |  |  |  |
`DOCUMENT` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`DOMAIN` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`DOUBLE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DROP` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`DYNAMIC` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`DYNAMIC_FUNCTION` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`EACH` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`ELEMENT` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`ELSE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`EMPTY` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`ENABLE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`ENCODING` | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |  |
`ENCRYPTED` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`END` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`END-EXEC` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ENUM` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`EQUALS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`ESCAPE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`EVERY` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`EXCEPT` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`EXCEPTION` |  |  | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`EXCLUDE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`EXCLUDING` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`EXCLUSIVE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`EXEC` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`EXECUTE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`EXISTING` |  |  |  | non-reserved |
`EXISTS` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`EXP` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`EXPLAIN` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`EXTENSION` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`EXTERNAL` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`EXTRACT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`FALSE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`FAMILY` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`FETCH` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`FILE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`FILTER` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`FINAL` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`FIRST` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`FIRST_VALUE` |  | reserved |  |  |
`FLAG` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`FLOAT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`FLOOR` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`FOLLOWING` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`FOR` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`FORCE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`FOREIGN` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`FORTRAN` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`FORWARD` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`FOUND` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`FREE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`FREEZE` | reserved (can be function or type) |  |  |  |
`FROM` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`FS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`FULL` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`FUNCTION` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`FUNCTIONS` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`FUSION` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`G` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`GENERAL` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`GENERATED` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`GET` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`GLOBAL` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`GO` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`GOTO` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`GRANT` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`GRANTED` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`GREATEST` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) |  |  |  |
`GROUP` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`GROUPING` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`HANDLER` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`HAVING` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`HEADER` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`HEX` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`HIERARCHY` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`HOLD` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`HOST` |  |  |  | reserved |
`HOUR` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ID` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`IDENTITY` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`IF` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`IGNORE` |  | non-reserved |  | reserved |
`ILIKE` | reserved (can be function or type) |  |  |  |
`IMMEDIATE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`IMMUTABLE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`IMPLEMENTATION` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`IMPLICIT` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`IMPORT` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`IN` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`INCLUDING` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`INCREMENT` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`INDENT` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`INDEX` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`INDEXES` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`INDICATOR` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`INFIX` |  |  |  | non-reserved |
`INHERIT` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`INHERITS` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`INITIALIZE` |  |  |  | reserved |
`INITIALLY` | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`INLINE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`INNER` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`INOUT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`INPUT` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`INSENSITIVE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`INSERT` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`INSTANCE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`INSTANTIABLE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`INSTEAD` | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |  |
`INT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`INTEGER` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`INTEGRITY` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`INTERSECT` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`INTERSECTION` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`INTERVAL` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`INTO` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`INVOKER` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`IS` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ISNULL` | reserved (can be function or type) |  |  |  |
`ISOLATION` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`ITERATE` |  |  |  | reserved |
`JOIN` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`K` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`KEY` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`KEY_MEMBER` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`KEY_TYPE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`LABEL` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`LAG` |  | reserved |  |  |
`LANGUAGE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`LARGE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`LAST` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`LAST_VALUE` |  | reserved |  |  |
`LATERAL` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`LC_COLLATE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`LC_CTYPE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`LEAD` |  | reserved |  |  |
`LEADING` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`LEAST` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) |  |  |  |
`LEFT` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`LENGTH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`LESS` |  |  |  | reserved |
`LEVEL` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`LIBRARY` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`LIKE` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`LIKE_REGEX` |  | reserved |  |  |
`LIMIT` | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`LINK` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`LISTEN` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`LN` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`LOAD` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`LOCAL` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`LOCALTIME` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`LOCALTIMESTAMP` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`LOCATION` | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |  |
`LOCATOR` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`LOCK` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`LOWER` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`M` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`MAP` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`MAPPING` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`MATCH` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`MATCHED` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`MAX` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`MAXVALUE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`MAX_CARDINALITY` |  | reserved |  |  |
`MEMBER` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`MERGE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`MESSAGE_LENGTH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`MESSAGE_TEXT` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`METHOD` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`MIN` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`MINUTE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`MINVALUE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`MOD` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`MODE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`MODIFIES` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`MODIFY` |  |  |  | reserved |
`MODULE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`MONTH` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`MORE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`MOVE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`MULTISET` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`MUMPS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`NAME` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`NAMES` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`NAMESPACE` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`NATIONAL` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`NATURAL` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`NCHAR` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`NCLOB` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`NESTING` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`NEW` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`NEXT` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`NFC` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`NFD` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`NFKC` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`NFKD` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`NIL` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`NO` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`NONE` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`NORMALIZE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`NORMALIZED` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`NOT` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`NOTHING` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`NOTIFY` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`NOTNULL` | reserved (can be function or type) |  |  |  |
`NOWAIT` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`NTH_VALUE` |  | reserved |  |  |
`NTILE` |  | reserved |  |  |
`NULL` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`NULLABLE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`NULLIF` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`NULLS` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`NUMBER` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`NUMERIC` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`OBJECT` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`OCCURRENCES_REGEX` |  | reserved |  |  |
`OCTETS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`OCTET_LENGTH` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`OF` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`OFF` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`OFFSET` | reserved | reserved |  |  |
`OIDS` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`OLD` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`ON` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ONLY` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`OPEN` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`OPERATION` |  |  |  | reserved |
`OPERATOR` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`OPTION` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`OPTIONS` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`OR` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ORDER` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ORDERING` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`ORDINALITY` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`OTHERS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`OUT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`OUTER` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`OUTPUT` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`OVER` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved |  |
`OVERLAPS` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`OVERLAY` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`OVERRIDING` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`OWNED` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`OWNER` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`P` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`PAD` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`PARAMETER` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`PARAMETERS` |  |  |  | reserved |
`PARAMETER_MODE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`PARAMETER_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`PARSER` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`PARTIAL` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`PARTITION` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |  |
`PASCAL` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`PASSING` | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |  |
`PASSTHROUGH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`PASSWORD` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`PATH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`PERCENTILE_CONT` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`PERCENTILE_DISC` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`PERCENT_RANK` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`PERMISSION` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`PLACING` | reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`PLANS` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`PLI` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`POSITION` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`POSITION_REGEX` |  | reserved |  |  |
`POSTFIX` |  |  |  | reserved |
`POWER` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`PRECEDING` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`PRECISION` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`PREFIX` |  |  |  | reserved |
`PREORDER` |  |  |  | reserved |
`PREPARE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`PREPARED` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`PRESERVE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`PRIMARY` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`PRIOR` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`PRIVILEGES` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`PROCEDURAL` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`PROCEDURE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`PUBLIC` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`QUOTE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`RANGE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |  |
`RANK` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`READ` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`READS` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`REAL` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`REASSIGN` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`RECHECK` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`RECOVERY` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`RECURSIVE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`REF` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`REFERENCES` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`REFERENCING` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`REGR_AVGX` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`REGR_AVGY` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`REGR_COUNT` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`REGR_INTERCEPT` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`REGR_R2` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`REGR_SLOPE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`REGR_SXX` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`REGR_SXY` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`REGR_SYY` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`REINDEX` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`RELATIVE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`RELEASE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |  |
`RENAME` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`REPEATABLE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`REPLACE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`REPLICA` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`REQUIRING` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`RESET` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`RESPECT` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`RESTART` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`RESTORE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`RESTRICT` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`RESULT` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`RETURN` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`RETURNED_CARDINALITY` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`RETURNED_LENGTH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`RETURNED_SQLSTATE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`RETURNING` | reserved | non-reserved |  |  |
`RETURNS` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`REVOKE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`RIGHT` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ROLE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`ROLLBACK` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ROLLUP` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`ROUTINE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`ROUTINE_CATALOG` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`ROUTINE_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`ROUTINE_SCHEMA` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`ROW` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`ROWS` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`ROW_COUNT` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`ROW_NUMBER` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`RULE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`SAVEPOINT` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`SCALE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`SCHEMA` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`SCHEMA_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`SCOPE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`SCOPE_CATALOG` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`SCOPE_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`SCOPE_SCHEMA` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`SCROLL` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`SEARCH` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`SECOND` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`SECTION` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`SECURITY` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`SELECT` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`SELECTIVE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`SELF` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`SENSITIVE` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`SEQUENCE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`SEQUENCES` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`SERIALIZABLE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`SERVER` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`SERVER_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`SESSION` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`SESSION_USER` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`SET` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`SETOF` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) |  |  |  |
`SETS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`SHARE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`SHOW` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`SIMILAR` | reserved (can be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`SIMPLE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`SIZE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`SMALLINT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`SOME` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`SOURCE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`SPACE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`SPECIFIC` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`SPECIFICTYPE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`SPECIFIC_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`SQL` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`SQLCODE` |  |  |  |  | reserved
`SQLERROR` |  |  |  |  | reserved
`SQLEXCEPTION` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`SQLSTATE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`SQLWARNING` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`SQRT` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`STABLE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`STANDALONE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`START` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`STATE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`STATEMENT` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`STATIC` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`STATISTICS` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`STDDEV_POP` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`STDDEV_SAMP` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`STDIN` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`STDOUT` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`STORAGE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`STRICT` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`STRIP` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`STRUCTURE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`STYLE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`SUBCLASS_ORIGIN` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`SUBLIST` |  |  |  | non-reserved |
`SUBMULTISET` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`SUBSTRING` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`SUBSTRING_REGEX` |  | reserved |  |  |
`SUM` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`SYMMETRIC` | reserved | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`SYSID` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`SYSTEM` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | non-reserved |
`SYSTEM_USER` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`T` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`TABLE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TABLES` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`TABLESAMPLE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`TABLESPACE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`TABLE_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`TEMP` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`TEMPLATE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`TEMPORARY` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`TERMINATE` |  |  |  | reserved |
`TEXT` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`THAN` |  |  |  | reserved |
`THEN` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TIES` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`TIME` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TIMESTAMP` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TIMEZONE_HOUR` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TIMEZONE_MINUTE` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TO` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TOKEN` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`TOP_LEVEL_COUNT` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`TRAILING` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TRANSACTION` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`TRANSACTION_ACTIVE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`TRANSFORM` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`TRANSFORMS` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`TRANSLATE` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`TRANSLATE_REGEX` |  | reserved |  |  |
`TRANSLATION` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TREAT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`TRIGGER` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`TRIGGER_CATALOG` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`TRIGGER_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`TRIGGER_SCHEMA` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`TRIM` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`TRIM_ARRAY` |  | reserved |  |  |
`TRUE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`TRUNCATE` | non-reserved | reserved |  |  |
`TRUSTED` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`TYPE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`UESCAPE` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`UNBOUNDED` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`UNCOMMITTED` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`UNDER` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved |
`UNENCRYPTED` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`UNION` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`UNIQUE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`UNKNOWN` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`UNLINK` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`UNLISTEN` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`UNLOGGED` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`UNNAMED` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved
`UNNEST` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`UNTIL` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`UNTYPED` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`UPDATE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`UPPER` |  | reserved | reserved | non-reserved | reserved
`URI` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`USAGE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`USER` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA` |  | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |
`USING` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`VACUUM` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`VALID` | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |  |
`VALIDATE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`VALIDATOR` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`VALUE` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`VALUES` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`VARBINARY` |  | reserved |  |  |
`VARCHAR` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`VARIABLE` |  |  |  | reserved |
`VARIADIC` | reserved |  |  |  |
`VARYING` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`VAR_POP` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`VAR_SAMP` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`VERBOSE` | reserved (can be function or type) |  |  |  |
`VERSION` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`VIEW` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`VOLATILE` | non-reserved |  |  |  |
`WHEN` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`WHENEVER` |  | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`WHERE` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`WHITESPACE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`WIDTH_BUCKET` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`WINDOW` | reserved | reserved | reserved |  |
`WITH` | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`WITHIN` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`WITHOUT` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved |
`WORK` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`WRAPPER` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |
`WRITE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved
`XML` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLAGG` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLATTRIBUTES` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLBINARY` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLCAST` |  | reserved |  |  |
`XMLCOMMENT` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLCONCAT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLDECLARATION` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`XMLDOCUMENT` |  | reserved |  |  |
`XMLELEMENT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLEXISTS` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved |  |  |
`XMLFOREST` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLITERATE` |  | reserved |  |  |
`XMLNAMESPACES` |  | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLPARSE` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLPI` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLQUERY` |  | reserved |  |  |
`XMLROOT` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) |  | reserved |  |
`XMLSCHEMA` |  | non-reserved |  |  |
`XMLSERIALIZE` | non-reserved (cannot be function or type) | reserved | reserved |  |
`XMLTABLE` |  | reserved |  |  |
`XMLTEXT` |  | reserved |  |  |
`XMLVALIDATE` |  | reserved |  |  |
`YEAR` | non-reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved | reserved
`YES` | non-reserved | non-reserved |  |  |
`ZONE` | non-reserved | non-reserved | non-reserved | reserved | reserved

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