KMimeType

KDE 4.5 PyKDE API Reference

- KDE's Python API

# KMimeType Class Reference

`from PyKDE4.kdecore import *`

Inherits: KServiceType → KSycocaEntry

## Detailed Description

Represent a mime type, like "text/plain", and the data that is associated with it.

The starting point you need is often the static methods.

KMimeType inherits KServiceType because "text/plain" can be used to find services (apps and components) "which can open text/plain".

See also:
  KServiceType

## Enumerations
FindByNameOption | { DontResolveAlias, ResolveAliases }
## Methods
| __init__ (self, QDataStream str, int offset)
| __init__ (self, QString fullpath, QString name, QString comment)
QStringList | allParentMimeTypes (self)
QString | comment (self, KUrl url=KUrl())
QString | iconName (self, KUrl url=KUrl())
bool | is_ (self, QString mimeTypeName)
bool | isDefault (self)
QString | mainExtension (self)
QString | parentMimeType (self)
QStringList | parentMimeTypes (self)
QStringList | patterns (self)
QString | userSpecifiedIconName (self)
## Static Methods
[KSharedPtr] | allMimeTypes ()
QString | defaultMimeType ()
KSharedPtr | defaultMimeTypePtr ()
QString | extractKnownExtension (QString fileName)
QString | favIconForUrl (KUrl url)
KSharedPtr, int accuracy | findByContent (QByteArray data)
KSharedPtr | findByContent (QIODevice device, int accuracy=0)
KSharedPtr, int accuracy | findByFileContent (QString fileName)
KSharedPtr, int accuracy | findByNameAndContent (QString name, QByteArray data, mode_t mode=0)
KSharedPtr | findByNameAndContent (QString name, QIODevice device, mode_t mode=0, int accuracy=0)
KSharedPtr, int accuracy | findByPath (QString path, mode_t mode=0, bool fast_mode=0)
KSharedPtr, int accuracy | findByUrl (KUrl url, mode_t mode=0, bool is_local_file=0, bool fast_mode=0)
QString | iconNameForUrl (KUrl url, mode_t mode=0)
bool | isBinaryData (QString fileName)
bool | isBufferBinaryData (QByteArray data)
KSharedPtr | mimeType (QString name, KMimeType.FindByNameOption options=KMimeType.DontResolveAlias)
int | sharedMimeInfoVersion ()

## Method Documentation

__init__ | ( | self, |
|  | QDataStream | str,
|  | int | offset
| ) |  |  |

Internal:
  Construct a service from a stream.

The stream must already be positionned at the correct offset

__init__ | ( | self, |
|  | QString | fullpath,
|  | QString | name,
|  | QString | comment
| ) |  |  |

Construct a mimetype and take all information from an XML file.

Parameters:

  | fullpath | the path to the xml that describes the mime type
  | name | the name of the mimetype (usually the end of the path)
  | comment | the comment associated with the mimetype

QStringList allParentMimeTypes | ( |  | self ) |

Return all parent mimetypes of this mimetype, direct or indirect. This includes the parent(s) of its parent(s), etc. If this mimetype is an alias, the list also contains the canonical name for this mimetype.

The usual reason to use this method is to look for a setting which is stored per mimetype (like PreviewJob does).

Since:
  4.1

QString comment | ( | self, |
|  | KUrl | url=KUrl()
| ) |  |  |

Returns the descriptive comment associated with the MIME type. The url argument is unused, but provided so that KMimeType derived classes can use it.

Returns:
  The descriptive comment associated with the MIME type, if any.

QString iconName | ( | self, |
|  | KUrl | url=KUrl()
| ) |  |  |

Return the filename of the icon associated with the mimetype. Use KIconLoader.loadMimeTypeIcon to load the icon.

Parameters:

  | url | argument only used for directories, where the icon can be specified in the .directory file.

Returns:
  The name of the icon associated with this MIME type.

bool is_ | ( | self, |
|  | QString | mimeTypeName
| ) |  |  |

Do not use name()=="somename" anymore, to check for a given mimetype. For mimetype inheritance to work, use is("somename") instead. Warning, do not use inherits(), that's the servicetype inheritance concept! is() also supports mimetype aliases.

bool isDefault | ( |  | self ) |

QString mainExtension | ( |  | self ) |

Return the primary extension associated with this mimetype, if any. If patterns() returns (*.jpg, *.jpeg) then mainExtension will return ".jpg". Note that the dot is included.

If none of the patterns is in *.foo format (for instance <code>*.jp? or *.* or callgrind.out* </code>) then mainExtension() returns an empty string.

Since:
  4.3

QString parentMimeType | ( |  | self ) |

If this mimetype is a subclass of another mimetype, return the name of the parent.

Returns:
  the parent mime type, or QString() if not set

Deprecated:
  this method does not support multiple inheritance, which is actually part of the shared-mime-info standard. Use is(), parentMimeTypes(), or allParentMimeTypes() instead of parentMimeType()

QStringList parentMimeTypes | ( |  | self ) |

If this mimetype is a subclass of one or more other mimetypes, return the list of those mimetypes.

For instance a application/javascript is a special kind of text/plain, so the definition of application/javascript says sub-class-of type="text/plain"

Another example: application/x-shellscript is a subclass of two other mimetypes, application/x-executable and text/plain.

(Note that this notion doesn't map to the servicetype inheritance mechanism, since an application that handles the specific type doesn't necessarily handle the base type. The opposite is true though.)

Returns:
  the list of parent mimetypes

Since:
  4.1

QStringList patterns | ( |  | self ) |

Retrieve the list of patterns associated with the MIME Type.

Returns:
  a list of file globs that describe the file names (or, usually, the extensions) of files with this mime type

QString userSpecifiedIconName | ( |  | self ) |

Returns the user-specified icon for this mimetype. This is empty most of the time, you probably want to use iconName() instead. This method is for the mimetype editor.

Since:
  4.3

## Static Method Documentation

[KSharedPtr] allMimeTypes | ( |  | ) |

Get all the mimetypes.

Useful for showing the list of available mimetypes. More memory consuming than the ones above, don't use unless really necessary.

Returns:
  the list of all existing KMimeTypes

QString defaultMimeType | ( |  | ) |

Returns the name of the default mimetype. Always application/octet-stream, but this method exists for performance purposes.

Returns:
  the name of the default mime type, always "application/octet-stream"

KSharedPtr defaultMimeTypePtr | ( |  | ) |

Returns the default mimetype. Always application/octet-stream. This can be used to check the result of mimeType(name).

Returns:
  the "application/octet-stream" mimetype pointer.

QString extractKnownExtension | ( | QString | fileName
| ) |  |  |

Determines the extension from a filename (or full path) using the mimetype database. This allows to extract "tar.bz2" for foo.tar.bz2 but still return "txt" for my.doc.with.dots.txt

QString favIconForUrl | ( | KUrl | url
| ) |  |  |

Return the "favicon" (see http://www.favicon.com) for the given url, if available. Does NOT attempt to download the favicon, it only returns one that is already available.

If unavailable, returns QString().

Parameters:

  | url | the URL of the favicon

Returns:
  the name of the favicon, or QString()

KSharedPtr, int accuracy findByContent | ( | QByteArray | data
| ) |  |  |

Tries to find out the MIME type of a data chunk by looking for certain magic numbers and characteristic strings in it.

Parameters:

  | device | the IO device providing the data to examine
  | accuracy | If not a null pointer, *accuracy is set to the accuracy of the match (which is in the range 0..100)

Returns:
  a pointer to the KMimeType. "application/octet-stream" is returned if the type can not be found this way.

Since:
  4.4

KSharedPtr findByContent | ( | QIODevice | device,
|  | int | accuracy=0
| ) |  |  |

Tries to find out the MIME type of a data chunk by looking for certain magic numbers and characteristic strings in it.

Parameters:

  | device | the IO device providing the data to examine
  | accuracy | If not a null pointer, *accuracy is set to the accuracy of the match (which is in the range 0..100)

Returns:
  a pointer to the KMimeType. "application/octet-stream" is returned if the type can not be found this way.

Since:
  4.4

KSharedPtr, int accuracy findByFileContent | ( | QString | fileName
| ) |  |  |

Tries to find out the MIME type of a file by looking for certain magic numbers and characteristic strings in it. This function is similar to the previous one. Note that the file name is not used for determining the file type, it is just used for loading the file's contents.

Parameters:

  | fileName | the path to the file
  | accuracy | If not a null pointer, *accuracy is set to the accuracy of the match (which is in the range 0..100)

Returns:
  a pointer to the KMimeType, or the default mimetype (application/octet-stream) if the file cannot be opened.

KSharedPtr, int accuracy findByNameAndContent | ( | QString | name,
|  | QByteArray | data,
|  | mode_t | mode=0
| ) |  |  |

Tries to find out the MIME type of filename/url and a data chunk. Whether to trust the extension or the data depends on the results of both approaches, and is determined automatically.

This method is useful for instance in the get() method of kioslaves, and anywhere else where a filename is associated with some data which is available immediately.

Parameters:

  | name | the filename or url representing this data. Only used for the extension, not used as a local filename.
  | device | the IO device providing the data to examine when the extension isn't conclusive in itself
  | mode | the mode of the file (used, for example, to identify executables)
  | accuracy | If not a null pointer, *accuracy is set to the accuracy of the match (which is in the range 0..100)

Returns:
  a pointer to the KMimeType. "application/octet-stream" is returned if the type can not be found this way.

Since:
  4.4

KSharedPtr findByNameAndContent | ( | QString | name,
|  | QIODevice | device,
|  | mode_t | mode=0,
|  | int | accuracy=0
| ) |  |  |

Tries to find out the MIME type of filename/url and a data chunk. Whether to trust the extension or the data depends on the results of both approaches, and is determined automatically.

This method is useful for instance in the get() method of kioslaves, and anywhere else where a filename is associated with some data which is available immediately.

Parameters:

  | name | the filename or url representing this data. Only used for the extension, not used as a local filename.
  | device | the IO device providing the data to examine when the extension isn't conclusive in itself
  | mode | the mode of the file (used, for example, to identify executables)
  | accuracy | If not a null pointer, *accuracy is set to the accuracy of the match (which is in the range 0..100)

Returns:
  a pointer to the KMimeType. "application/octet-stream" is returned if the type can not be found this way.

Since:
  4.4

KSharedPtr, int accuracy findByPath | ( | QString | path,
|  | mode_t | mode=0,
|  | bool | fast_mode=0
| ) |  |  |

Finds a KMimeType with the given url. This function looks at mode_t first. If that does not help it looks at the extension. This is fine for FTP, FILE, TAR and friends, but is not for HTTP ( cgi scripts! ). You should use KRun instead, but this function returns immediately while KRun is async. If no extension matches, then the file contents will be examined if the URL is a local file, or "application/octet-stream" is returned otherwise.

Equivalent to

     KUrl u(path);
     return findByUrl( u, mode, true, fast_mode );

Parameters:

  | path | the path to the file (a file name is enough, in fast mode)
  | mode | the mode of the file (used, for example, to identify executables)
  | fast_mode | If set to true no disk access is allowed to find out the mimetype. The result may be suboptimal, but it is fast.
  | accuracy | If not a null pointer, *accuracy is set to the accuracy of the match (which is in the range 0..100)

Returns:
  A pointer to the matching mimetype. 0 is never returned.

KSharedPtr, int accuracy findByUrl | ( | KUrl | url,
|  | mode_t | mode=0,
|  | bool | is_local_file=0,
|  | bool | fast_mode=0
| ) |  |  |

Finds a KMimeType with the given url. This function looks at mode_t first. If that does not help it looks at the extension (and the contents, for local files). This method is fine for many protocols like ftp, file, fish, zip etc., but is not for http (e.g. cgi scripts make extension-based checking unreliable). For HTTP you should use KRun instead (to open the URL, in an app or internally), or a KIO.mimetype() job (to find the mimetype without downloading), or a KIO.get() job (to find the mimetype and then download). In fact KRun is the most complete solution, but deriving from it just for this is a bit cumbersome.

If no extension matches, then the file contents will be examined if the URL is a local file, or "application/octet-stream" is returned otherwise.

Parameters:

  | url | Is the right most URL with a filesystem protocol. It is up to you to find out about that if you have a nested URL. For example "http://localhost/mist.gz#gzip:/decompress" would have to pass the "http://..." URL part, while "file:/tmp/x.tar#tar:/src/test.gz#gzip:/decompress" would have to pass the "tar:/..." part of the URL, since gzip is a filter protocol and not a filesystem protocol.
  | mode | the mode of the file (used, for example, to identify executables)
  | is_local_file | true if the file is local; false if not, or if you don't know.
  | fast_mode | If set to true no disk access is allowed to find out the mimetype. The result may be suboptimal, but it is fast.
  | accuracy | if set, the accuracy of the result, between 0 and 100. For instance, when the extension was used to determine the mimetype, the accuracy is set to 80, as per the shared-mime spec. Some 'magic' rules (used when !fast_mode) have an accuracy > 80 (and have priority over the filename, others are < 80).

Returns:
  A pointer to the matching mimetype. 0 is never returned.

Very Important: Don't store the result in a KMimeType* !

QString iconNameForUrl | ( | KUrl | url,
|  | mode_t | mode=0
| ) |  |  |

Return the filename of the icon associated with the mimetype, for a given url. Use KIconLoader.loadMimeTypeIcon to load the icon.

Parameters:

  | url | URL for the file
  | mode | the mode of the file. The mode may modify the icon with overlays that show special properties of the icon. Use 0 for default

Returns:
  the name of the icon. The name of a default icon if there is no icon for the mime type

bool isBinaryData | ( | QString | fileName
| ) |  |  |

Returns whether a file has an internal format that is not human readable. This is much more generic than "not mime->is(text/plain)". Many application file formats (like rtf and postscript) are based on text, but text that the user should rarely ever see.

bool isBufferBinaryData | ( | QByteArray | data
| ) |  |  |

Returns whether a buffer has an internal format that is not human readable. This is much more generic than "not mime->is(text/plain)". Many application file formats (like rtf and postscript) are based on text, but text that the user should rarely ever see.

KSharedPtr mimeType | ( | QString | name,
|  | KMimeType.FindByNameOption | options=KMimeType.DontResolveAlias
| ) |  |  |

Retrieve a pointer to the mime type name

Very important: Don't store the result in a KMimeType* !

Also note that you get a new KMimeType pointer every time you call this. Don't ever write code that compares mimetype pointers, compare names instead.

Parameters:

  | name | the name of the mime type
  | options | controls how the mime type is searched for

Returns:
  the pointer to the KMimeType with the given name, or 0 if not found

See also:
  KServiceType.serviceType

int sharedMimeInfoVersion | ( |  | ) |

Returns the version of the installed update-mime-database program (from freedesktop.org shared-mime-info). This is used by unit tests and by the code that writes out icon definitions.

Since:
  4.3

Returns:
  -1 on error, otherwise a version number to use like this:

     if (version >= KDE_MAKE_VERSION(0, 40, 0)) { ... }

## Enumeration Documentation

FindByNameOption

Enumerator:

  DontResolveAlias |
  ResolveAliases = 1 |