/* identify.c - by Mark Lord (C) 2000-2007 -- freely distributable */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <endian.h>

#if __BYTE_ORDER == __BIG_ENDIAN
#define __USE_XOPEN
#endif

#include "hdparm.h"

/* device types */
/* ------------ */
#define NO_DEV                  0xffff
#define ATA_DEV                 0x0000
#define ATAPI_DEV               0x0001

/* word definitions */
/* ---------------- */
#define GEN_CONFIG		0   /* general configuration */
#define LCYLS			1   /* number of logical cylinders */
#define CONFIG			2   /* specific configuration */
#define LHEADS			3   /* number of logical heads */
#define TRACK_BYTES		4   /* number of bytes/track (ATA-1) */
#define SECT_BYTES		5   /* number of bytes/sector (ATA-1) */
#define LSECTS			6   /* number of logical sectors/track */
#define START_SERIAL            10  /* ASCII serial number */
#define LENGTH_SERIAL           10  /* 10 words (20 bytes or characters) */
#define BUF_TYPE		20  /* buffer type (ATA-1) */
#define BUF_SIZE		21  /* buffer size (ATA-1) */
#define RW_LONG			22  /* extra bytes in R/W LONG cmd ( < ATA-4)*/
#define START_FW_REV            23  /* ASCII firmware revision */
#define LENGTH_FW_REV		 4  /*  4 words (8 bytes or characters) */
#define START_MODEL    		27  /* ASCII model number */
#define LENGTH_MODEL    	20  /* 20 words (40 bytes or characters) */
#define SECTOR_XFER_MAX		47  /* r/w multiple: max sectors xfered */
#define DWORD_IO		48  /* can do double-word IO (ATA-1 only) */
#define CAPAB_0			49  /* capabilities */
#define CAPAB_1			50
#define PIO_MODE		51  /* max PIO mode supported (obsolete)*/
#define DMA_MODE		52  /* max Singleword DMA mode supported (obs)*/
#define WHATS_VALID		53  /* what fields are valid */
#define LCYLS_CUR		54  /* current logical cylinders */
#define LHEADS_CUR		55  /* current logical heads */
#define LSECTS_CUR		56  /* current logical sectors/track */
#define CAPACITY_LSB		57  /* current capacity in sectors */
#define CAPACITY_MSB		58
#define SECTOR_XFER_CUR		59  /* r/w multiple: current sectors xfered */
#define LBA_SECTS_LSB		60  /* LBA: total number of user */
#define LBA_SECTS_MSB		61  /*      addressable sectors */
#define SINGLE_DMA		62  /* singleword DMA modes */
#define MULTI_DMA		63  /* multiword DMA modes */
#define ADV_PIO_MODES		64  /* advanced PIO modes supported */
				    /* multiword DMA xfer cycle time: */
#define DMA_TIME_MIN		65  /*   - minimum */
#define DMA_TIME_NORM		66  /*   - manufacturer's recommended	*/
				    /* minimum PIO xfer cycle time: */
#define PIO_NO_FLOW		67  /*   - without flow control */
#define PIO_FLOW		68  /*   - with IORDY flow control */
#define PKT_REL			71  /* typical #ns from PKT cmd to bus rel */
#define SVC_NBSY		72  /* typical #ns from SERVICE cmd to !BSY */
#define CDR_MAJOR		73  /* CD ROM: major version number */
#define CDR_MINOR		74  /* CD ROM: minor version number */
#define QUEUE_DEPTH		75  /* queue depth */
#define SATA_CAP_0		76  /* Serial ATA Capabilities */
#define SATA_RESERVED_77	77  /* reserved for future Serial ATA definition */
#define SATA_SUPP_0		78  /* Serial ATA features supported */
#define SATA_EN_0		79  /* Serial ATA features enabled */
#define MAJOR			80  /* major version number */
#define MINOR			81  /* minor version number */
#define CMDS_SUPP_0		82  /* command/feature set(s) supported */
#define CMDS_SUPP_1		83
#define CMDS_SUPP_2		84
#define CMDS_EN_0		85  /* command/feature set(s) enabled */
#define CMDS_EN_1		86
#define CMDS_EN_2		87
#define ULTRA_DMA		88  /* ultra DMA modes */
				    /* time to complete security erase */
#define ERASE_TIME		89  /*   - ordinary */
#define ENH_ERASE_TIME		90  /*   - enhanced */
#define ADV_PWR			91  /* current advanced power management level
				       in low byte, 0x40 in high byte. */  
#define PSWD_CODE		92  /* master password revision code	*/
#define HWRST_RSLT		93  /* hardware reset result */
#define ACOUSTIC  		94  /* acoustic mgmt values ( >= ATA-6) */
#define LBA_LSB			100 /* LBA: maximum.  Currently only 48 */
#define LBA_MID			101 /*      bits are used, but addr 103 */
#define LBA_48_MSB		102 /*      has been reserved for LBA in */
#define LBA_64_MSB		103 /*      the future. */
#define CMDS_SUPP_3		119
#define CMDS_EN_3		120
#define RM_STAT 		127 /* removable media status notification feature set support */
#define SECU_STATUS		128 /* security status */
#define CFA_PWR_MODE		160 /* CFA power mode 1 */
#define START_MEDIA             176 /* media serial number */
#define LENGTH_MEDIA            20  /* 20 words (40 bytes or characters)*/
#define START_MANUF             196 /* media manufacturer I.D. */
#define LENGTH_MANUF            10  /* 10 words (20 bytes or characters) */
#define SCT_SUPP		206 /* SMART command transport (SCT) support */
#define TRANSPORT_MAJOR		222 /* PATA vs. SATA etc.. */
#define TRANSPORT_MINOR		223 /* minor revision number */
#define NMRR			217 /* nominal media rotation rate */
#define INTEGRITY		255 /* integrity word */

/* bit definitions within the words */
/* -------------------------------- */

/* many words are considered valid if bit 15 is 0 and bit 14 is 1 */
#define VALID			0xc000
#define VALID_VAL		0x4000
/* many words are considered invalid if they are either all-0 or all-1 */

/* word 0: gen_config */
#define NOT_ATA			0x8000	
#define NOT_ATAPI		0x4000	/* (check only if bit 15 == 1) */
#define MEDIA_REMOVABLE		0x0080
#define DRIVE_NOT_REMOVABLE	0x0040  /* bit obsoleted in ATA 6 */
#define INCOMPLETE		0x0004
#define DRQ_RESPONSE_TIME	0x0060
#define DRQ_3MS_VAL		0x0000
#define DRQ_INTR_VAL		0x0020
#define DRQ_50US_VAL		0x0040
#define PKT_SIZE_SUPPORTED	0x0003
#define PKT_SIZE_12_VAL		0x0000
#define PKT_SIZE_16_VAL		0x0001
#define EQPT_TYPE		0x1f00
#define SHIFT_EQPT		8

#define CDROM 0x0005
const char *pkt_str[] = {
	"Direct-access device",			/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 00 */
	"Sequential-access device",		/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 01 */
	"Printer",				/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 02 */
	"Processor",				/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 03 */
	"Write-once device",			/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 04 */
	"CD-ROM",				/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 05 */
	"Scanner",				/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 06 */
	"Optical memory",			/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 07 */
	"Medium changer",			/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 08 */
	"Communications device",		/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 09 */
	"ACS-IT8 device",			/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 0a */
	"ACS-IT8 device",			/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 0b */
	"Array controller",			/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 0c */
	"Enclosure services",			/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 0d */
	"Reduced block command device",		/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 0e */
	"Optical card reader/writer",		/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 0f */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 10 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 11 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 12 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 13 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 14 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 15 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 16 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 17 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 18 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 19 */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 1a */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 1b */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 1c */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 1d */
	"",					/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 1e */
	"Unknown",				/* word 0, bits 12-8 = 1f */
};
const char *ata1_cfg_str[] = {			/* word 0 in ATA-1 mode */
	"reserved",				/* bit 0 */
	"hard sectored",			/* bit 1 */
	"soft sectored",			/* bit 2 */
	"not MFM encoded ",			/* bit 3 */
	"head switch time > 15us",		/* bit 4 */
	"spindle motor control option",		/* bit 5 */
	"fixed drive",				/* bit 6 */
	"removable drive",			/* bit 7 */
	"disk xfer rate <= 5Mbs",		/* bit 8 */
	"disk xfer rate > 5Mbs, <= 10Mbs",	/* bit 9 */
	"disk xfer rate > 5Mbs",		/* bit 10 */
	"rotational speed tol.",		/* bit 11 */
	"data strobe offset option",		/* bit 12 */
	"track offset option",			/* bit 13 */
	"format speed tolerance gap reqd",	/* bit 14 */
	"ATAPI"					/* bit 14 */
};

/* word 1: number of logical cylinders */
#define LCYLS_MAX		0x3fff /* maximum allowable value */

/* word 2: specific configureation 
 * (a) require SET FEATURES to spin-up
 * (b) require spin-up to fully reply to IDENTIFY DEVICE
 */
#define STBY_NID_VAL		0x37c8  /*     (a) and     (b) */
#define STBY_ID_VAL		0x738c	/*     (a) and not (b) */
#define PWRD_NID_VAL 		0x8c73	/* not (a) and     (b) */
#define PWRD_ID_VAL		0xc837	/* not (a) and not (b) */

/* words 47 & 59: sector_xfer_max & sector_xfer_cur */
#define SECTOR_XFER		0x00ff  /* sectors xfered on r/w multiple cmds*/
#define MULTIPLE_SETTING_VALID  0x0100  /* 1=multiple sector setting is valid */

/* word 49: capabilities 0 */
#define STD_STBY  		0x2000  /* 1=standard values supported (ATA);
					   0=vendor specific values */
#define IORDY_SUP		0x0800  /* 1=support; 0=may be supported */
#define IORDY_OFF		0x0400  /* 1=may be disabled */
#define LBA_SUP			0x0200  /* 1=Logical Block Address support */
#define DMA_SUP			0x0100  /* 1=Direct Memory Access support */
#define DMA_IL_SUP		0x8000  /* 1=interleaved DMA support (ATAPI) */
#define CMD_Q_SUP		0x4000  /* 1=command queuing support (ATAPI) */
#define OVLP_SUP		0x2000  /* 1=overlap operation support (ATAPI) */
#define SWRST_REQ		0x1000  /* 1=ATA SW reset required (ATAPI, obsolete */

/* word 50: capabilities 1 */
#define MIN_STANDBY_TIMER	0x0001  /* 1=device specific standby timer value minimum */

/* words 51 & 52: PIO & DMA cycle times */
#define MODE			0xff00  /* the mode is in the MSBs */

/* word 53: whats_valid */
#define OK_W88     		0x0004	/* the ultra_dma info is valid */
#define OK_W64_70		0x0002  /* see above for word descriptions */
#define OK_W54_58		0x0001  /* current cyl, head, sector, cap. info valid */

/*word 63,88: dma_mode, ultra_dma_mode*/
#define MODE_MAX		7	/* bit definitions force udma <=7 (when
					 * udma >=8 comes out it'll have to be
					 * defined in a new dma_mode word!) */

/* word 64: PIO transfer modes */
#define PIO_SUP			0x00ff  /* only bits 0 & 1 are used so far,  */
#define PIO_MODE_MAX		8       /* but all 8 bits are defined        */

/* word 75: queue_depth */
#define DEPTH_BITS		0x001f  /* bits used for queue depth */

/* words 80-81: version numbers */
/* 0x0000 or  0xffff means device does not report version */

/* word 81: minor version number */
#define MINOR_MAX		0x22
const char *minor_str[MINOR_MAX+2] = {			/* word 81 value: */
	"Unspecified",					/* 0x0000	*/
	"ATA-1 X3T9.2 781D prior to revision 4",	/* 0x0001	*/
	"ATA-1 published, ANSI X3.221-1994",		/* 0x0002	*/
	"ATA-1 X3T9.2 781D revision 4",			/* 0x0003	*/
	"ATA-2 published, ANSI X3.279-1996",		/* 0x0004	*/
	"ATA-2 X3T10 948D prior to revision 2k",	/* 0x0005	*/
	"ATA-3 X3T10 2008D revision 1",			/* 0x0006	*/
	"ATA-2 X3T10 948D revision 2k",			/* 0x0007	*/
	"ATA-3 X3T10 2008D revision 0",			/* 0x0008	*/
	"ATA-2 X3T10 948D revision 3",			/* 0x0009	*/
	"ATA-3 published, ANSI X3.298-199x",		/* 0x000a	*/
	"ATA-3 X3T10 2008D revision 6",			/* 0x000b	*/
	"ATA-3 X3T13 2008D revision 7 and 7a",		/* 0x000c	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-4 X3T13 1153D revision 6",		/* 0x000d	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-4 T13 1153D revision 13",		/* 0x000e	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-4 X3T13 1153D revision 7",		/* 0x000f	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-4 T13 1153D revision 18",		/* 0x0010	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-4 T13 1153D revision 15",		/* 0x0011	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-4 published, ANSI INCITS 317-1998",	/* 0x0012	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-5 T13 1321D revision 3",
	"ATA/ATAPI-4 T13 1153D revision 14",		/* 0x0014	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-5 T13 1321D revision 1",		/* 0x0015	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-5 published, ANSI INCITS 340-2000",	/* 0x0016	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-4 T13 1153D revision 17",		/* 0x0017	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 0",		/* 0x0018	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 3a",		/* 0x0019	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 1",		/* 0x001a	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 2",		/* 0x001b	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 1",		/* 0x001c	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-7 published, ANSI INCITS 397-2005",	/* 0x001d	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 0",		/* 0x001e	*/
	"Reserved",					/* 0x001f	*/
	"Reserved",					/* 0x0020	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 4a",		/* 0x0021	*/
	"ATA/ATAPI-6 published, ANSI INCITS 361-2002",	/* 0x0022	*/
	"Reserved",					/* 0x0023-0xfffe*/
};
const char actual_ver[MINOR_MAX+2] = { 
			/* word 81 value: */
	0,		/* 0x0000	WARNING: 	*/
	1,		/* 0x0001	WARNING: 	*/
	1,		/* 0x0002	WARNING: 	*/
	1,		/* 0x0003	WARNING: 	*/
	2,		/* 0x0004	WARNING:   This array 		*/
	2,		/* 0x0005	WARNING:   corresponds 		*/
	3,		/* 0x0006	WARNING:   *exactly*		*/
	2,		/* 0x0007	WARNING:   to the ATA/		*/
	3,		/* 0x0008	WARNING:   ATAPI version	*/
	2,		/* 0x0009	WARNING:   listed in		*/
	3,		/* 0x000a	WARNING:   the 			*/
	3,		/* 0x000b	WARNING:   minor_str 		*/
	3,		/* 0x000c	WARNING:   array		*/
	4,		/* 0x000d	WARNING:   above.		*/
	4,		/* 0x000e	WARNING:  			*/
	4,		/* 0x000f	WARNING:   if you change 	*/
	4,		/* 0x0010	WARNING:   that one,      	*/
	4,		/* 0x0011	WARNING:   change this one	*/
	4,		/* 0x0012	WARNING:   too!!!        	*/
	5,		/* 0x0013	WARNING:	*/
	4,		/* 0x0014	WARNING:	*/
	5,		/* 0x0015	WARNING:	*/
	5,		/* 0x0016	WARNING:	*/
	4,		/* 0x0017	WARNING:	*/
	6,		/* 0x0018	WARNING:	*/
	6,		/* 0x0019	WARNING:	*/
	7,		/* 0x001a	WARNING:	*/
	6,		/* 0x001b	WARNING:	*/
	6,		/* 0x001c	WARNING:	*/
	7,		/* 0x001d	WARNING:	*/
	7,		/* 0x001e	WARNING:	*/
	0,		/* 0x001f	WARNING:	*/
	0,		/* 0x0020	WARNING:	*/
	7,		/* 0x0021	WARNING:	*/
	6,		/* 0x0022	WARNING:	*/
	0		/* 0x0023-0xfffe    		*/
};

/* words 82-84: cmds/feats supported */
#define CMDS_W82		0x77ff  /* word 82: defined command locations*/
#define CMDS_W83		0x3fff  /* word 83: defined command locations*/
#define CMDS_W84		0x27ff  /* word 84: defined command locations*/
#define SUPPORT_48_BIT		0x0400  
#define NUM_CMD_FEAT_STR	48

static const char unknown[8] = "obsolete";
//static const char unknown[8] = "unknown";
#define unknown "unknown-"

static const char *feat_word69_str[16] = { 
	"CFast specification support",			/* word 69 bit 15 */
	"Deterministic read data after TRIM",		/* word 69 bit 14 */
	"Long physical sector diagnostics",		/* word 69 bit 13 */
	"DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET/IDENTIFY DMA commands", /* word 69 bit 12 */
	"READ BUFFER DMA command",			/* word 69 bit 11 */
	"WRITE BUFFER DMA command",			/* word 69 bit 10 */
	"SET MAX SETPASSWORD/UNLOCK DMA commands",	/* word 69 bit  9 */
	"DOWNLOAD MICROCODE DMA command",		/* word 69 bit  8 */
	"reserved 69[7]",				/* word 69 bit  7 */
	"reserved 69[6]",				/* word 69 bit  6 */
	"Deterministic read ZEROs after TRIM",		/* word 69 bit  5 */
	"reserved 69[4]",				/* word 69 bit  4 */
	"reserved 69[3]",				/* word 69 bit  3 */
	"reserved 69[2]",				/* word 69 bit  2 */
	"reserved 69[1]",				/* word 69 bit  1 */
	"reserved 69[0]",				/* word 69 bit  0 */
};

static const char *feat_word82_str[16] = { 
	"obsolete 82[15]",				/* word 82 bit 15: obsolete  */
	"NOP cmd",					/* word 82 bit 14 */
	"READ_BUFFER command",				/* word 82 bit 13 */
	"WRITE_BUFFER command",				/* word 82 bit 12 */
	"WRITE_VERIFY command",				/* word 82 bit 11: obsolete  */
	"Host Protected Area feature set",		/* word 82 bit 10 */
	"DEVICE_RESET command",				/* word 82 bit  9 */
	"SERVICE interrupt",				/* word 82 bit  8 */
	"Release interrupt",				/* word 82 bit  7 */
	"Look-ahead",					/* word 82 bit  6 */
	"Write cache",					/* word 82 bit  5 */
	"PACKET command feature set",			/* word 82 bit  4 */
	"Power Management feature set",			/* word 82 bit  3 */
	"Removable Media feature set",			/* word 82 bit  2 */
	"Security Mode feature set",			/* word 82 bit  1 */
	"SMART feature set"				/* word 82 bit  0 */
};
static const char *feat_word83_str[16] = { 
	NULL,						/* word 83 bit 15: !valid bit */
	NULL,						/* word 83 bit 14:  valid bit */
	"FLUSH_CACHE_EXT",				/* word 83 bit 13 */
	"Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE",			/* word 83 bit 12 */
	"Device Configuration Overlay feature set",	/* word 83 bit 11 */
	"48-bit Address feature set",			/* word 83 bit 10 */
	"Automatic Acoustic Management feature set",	/* word 83 bit  9 */
	"SET_MAX security extension",			/* word 83 bit  8 */
	"Address Offset Reserved Area Boot",		/* word 83 bit  7 */
	"SET_FEATURES required to spinup after power up",/* word 83 bit 6 */
	"Power-Up In Standby feature set",		/* word 83 bit  5 */
	"Removable Media Status Notification feature set",/* word 83 bit 4 */
	"Advanced Power Management feature set",	/* word 83 bit  3 */
	"CFA feature set",				/* word 83 bit  2 */
	"READ/WRITE_DMA_QUEUED",			/* word 83 bit  1 */
	"DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE"				/* word 83 bit  0 */
};
static const char *feat_word84_str[16] = { 
	NULL,						/* word 84 bit 15: !valid bit */
	NULL,						/* word 84 bit 14:  valid bit */
	"IDLE_IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD",			/* word 84 bit 13 */
	"Command Completion Time Limit (CCTL)",		/* word 84 bit 12 (ref: dt1696) */
	"Time Limited Commands (TLC) feature set",	/* word 84 bit 11 (ref: dt1696) */
	"URG for WRITE_STREAM[_DMA]_EXT",		/* word 84 bit 10 */
	"URG for READ_STREAM[_DMA]_EXT",		/* word 84 bit  9 */
	"64-bit World wide name",			/* word 84 bit  8 */
	"WRITE_DMA_QUEUED_FUA_EXT",			/* word 84 bit  7 */
	"WRITE_{DMA|MULTIPLE}_FUA_EXT",			/* word 84 bit  6 */
	"General Purpose Logging feature set",		/* word 84 bit  5 */
	"Media Card Pass-Through",			/* word 84 bit  4 */
	"Media Card Pass Through Command feature set",	/* word 84 bit  3 */
	"Media serial number",				/* word 84 bit  2 */
	"SMART self-test",				/* word 84 bit  1 */
	"SMART error logging"				/* word 84 bit  0 */
};
static const char *feat_3_str[16] = { 
	NULL,						/* word 119 bit 15: !valid bit */
	NULL,						/* word 119 bit 14:  valid bit */
	"unknown 119[13]",				/* word 119 bit 13 */
	"unknown 119[12]",				/* word 119 bit 12 */
	"unknown 119[11]",				/* word 119 bit 11 */
	"unknown 119[10]",				/* word 119 bit 10 */
	"unknown 119[9]",				/* word 119 bit  9 */
	"unknown 119[8]",				/* word 119 bit  8 */
	"unknown 119[7]",				/* word 119 bit  7 */
	"unknown 119[6]",				/* word 119 bit  6 */
	"Free-fall Control feature set",		/* word 119 bit  5 */
	"Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE",			/* word 119 bit  4 */
	"{READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands",		/* word 119 bit  3 */
	"WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command",		/* word 119 bit  2 */
	"Write-Read-Verify feature set",		/* word 119 bit  1 */
	"Disable Data Transfer After Error Detection"	/* word 119 bit  0 (ref: 2014DT)*/
};
static const char *cap_sata0_str[16] = { 
	"unknown 76[15]",				/* word 76 bit 15 */
	"unknown 76[14]",				/* word 76 bit 14 */
	"unknown 76[13]",				/* word 76 bit 13 */
	"NCQ priority information",			/* word 76 bit 12 */
	"Idle-Unload when NCQ is active",		/* word 76 bit 11 */
	"Phy event counters",				/* word 76 bit 10 */
	"Host-initiated interface power management",	/* word 76 bit  9 */
	"Native Command Queueing (NCQ)",		/* word 76 bit  8 */
	"unknown 76[7]",				/* word 76 bit  7 */
	"unknown 76[6]",				/* word 76 bit  6 */
	"unknown 76[5]",				/* word 76 bit  5 */
	"unknown 76[4]",				/* word 76 bit  4 */
	"Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)",		/* word 76 bit  3 */
	"Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)",		/* word 76 bit  2 */
	"Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)",		/* word 76 bit  1 */
	"unknown 76[0]"					/* word 76 bit  0 */
};
static const char *feat_sata0_str[16] = {
	"unknown 78[15]",				/* word 78 bit 15 */
	"unknown 78[14]",				/* word 78 bit 14 */
	"unknown 78[13]",				/* word 78 bit 13 */
	"unknown 78[12]",				/* word 78 bit 12 */
	"unknown 78[11]",				/* word 78 bit 11 */
	"unknown 78[10]",				/* word 78 bit 10 */
	"unknown 78[9]",				/* word 78 bit  9 */
	"unknown 78[8]",				/* word 78 bit  8 */
	"unknown 78[7]",				/* word 78 bit  7 */
	"Software settings preservation",		/* word 78 bit  6 */
	"Asynchronous notification (eg. media change)",	/* word 78 bit  5 */
	"In-order data delivery",			/* word 78 bit  4 */
	"Device-initiated interface power management",	/* word 78 bit  3 */
	"DMA Setup Auto-Activate optimization",		/* word 78 bit  2 */
	"Non-Zero buffer offsets in DMA Setup FIS",	/* word 78 bit  1 */
	"unknown 78[0]"					/* word 78 bit  0 */
};

/* words 85-87: cmds/feats enabled */
/* use cmd_feat_str[] to display what commands and features have
 * been enabled with words 85-87 
 */
#define WWN_SUP         0x100 /* 1=support; 0=not supported */

/* words 89, 90, SECU ERASE TIME */
#define ERASE_BITS		0x00ff

/* word 92: master password revision */
/* 0x0000 or  0xffff means no support for master password revision */

/* word 93: hw reset result */
#define CBLID			0x2000  /* CBLID status */
#define RST0			0x0001  /* 1=reset to device #0 */
#define DEV_DET			0x0006  /* how device num determined */
#define JUMPER_VAL		0x0002  /* device num determined by jumper */
#define CSEL_VAL		0x0004  /* device num determined by CSEL_VAL */

/* word 127: removable media status notification feature set support */
#define RM_STAT_BITS 		0x0003
#define RM_STAT_SUP		0x0001
	
/* word 128: security */
#define SECU_ENABLED		0x0002
#define SECU_LEVEL		0x0100	/* was 0x0010 */
#define NUM_SECU_STR		6
const char *secu_str[] = {
	"supported",			/* word 128, bit 0 */
	"enabled",			/* word 128, bit 1 */
	"locked",			/* word 128, bit 2 */
	"frozen",			/* word 128, bit 3 */
	"expired: security count",	/* word 128, bit 4 */
	"supported: enhanced erase"	/* word 128, bit 5 */
};

/* word 160: CFA power mode */
#define VALID_W160		0x8000  /* 1=word valid */
#define PWR_MODE_REQ		0x2000  /* 1=CFA power level 1 is NOT supported */
#define PWR_MODE_OFF		0x1000  /* 1=CFA power level 1 commands are DISABLED */
#define MAX_AMPS		0x0fff  /* value = max current in milli-amperes (mA) */

/* word 206: SMART command transport (SCT) */
static const char *feat_sct_str[16] = {
	"unknown 206[15] (vendor specific)",		/* word 206 bit 15 */
	"unknown 206[14] (vendor specific)",		/* word 206 bit 14 */
	"unknown 206[13] (vendor specific)",		/* word 206 bit 13 */
	"unknown 206[12] (vendor specific)",		/* word 206 bit 12 */
	"unknown 206[11]",				/* word 206 bit 11 */
	"unknown 206[10]",				/* word 206 bit 10 */
	"unknown 206[9]",				/* word 206 bit  9 */
	"unknown 206[8]",				/* word 206 bit  8 */
	"unknown 206[7]",				/* word 206 bit  7 */
	"unknown 206[6]",				/* word 206 bit  6 */
	"SCT Data Tables (AC5)",			/* word 206 bit  5 */
	"SCT Features Control (AC4)",			/* word 206 bit  4 */
	"SCT Error Recovery Control (AC3)",		/* word 206 bit  3 */
	"SCT LBA Segment Access (AC2)",			/* word 206 bit  2 */
	"SCT Long Sector Access (AC1)",			/* word 206 bit  1 */
	"SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set"	/* word 206 bit  0 */
};

/* word 255: integrity */
#define SIG			0x00ff  /* signature location */
#define SIG_VAL			0x00A5  /* signature value */

__u8 mode_loop(__u16 mode_sup, __u16 mode_sel, int cc, __u8 *have_mode);

static void print_ascii(__u16 *p, unsigned int length) {
	__u8 ii;
	char cl;

	/* find first non-space & print it */
	for (ii = 0; ii< length; ii++) {
		if(((char) 0x00ff&((*p)>>8)) != ' ') break;
		if((cl = (char) 0x00ff&(*p)) != ' ') {
			if(cl != '\0') printf("%c",cl);
			p++; ii++;
			break;
		}
		p++;
	}
	/* print the rest */
	for (; ii < length; ii++) {
		__u8 c;
		/* some older devices have NULLs */
		c = (*p) >> 8;
		if (c) putchar(c);
		c = (*p);
		if (c) putchar(c);
		p++;
	}
	printf("\n");
}

// Given a known-supported ATA major revision,
// return the lowest possible supported ATA revision.
// Each new revision seems to (sometimes) obsolete one
// of the bits corresponding to an older revision.
static __u16 min_ata_std (__u16 major)
{
	if (major <= 4)		// up to ata4, no obsolete bits
		return 1;
	if (major == 5)		// ata5 obsoleted the ata1 bit
		return 2;
	if (major <= 7)		// ata6,7 obsoleted the ata2 bit
		return 3;
	return 4;		// ata8 obsoleted the ata3 bit
}

static void print_features (__u16 supported, __u16 enabled, const char *names[])
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
		__u16 mask = 1 << i;
		if ((supported & mask) && names[15 - i])
			printf("\t   %c\t%s\n", (enabled & mask) ? '*' : ' ', names[15 - i]);
	}
}

static int print_transport_type(__u16 val[])
{
	__u16 major = val[TRANSPORT_MAJOR], minor = val[TRANSPORT_MINOR];
	unsigned int ttype, subtype, transport = 0;

	if (major == 0x0000 || major == 0xffff) {
#if 0
		printf("\t%-20snot reported","Transport:");
		if ((val[SATA_CAP_0]  && val[SATA_CAP_0]  != 0xffff)
		 || (val[SATA_SUPP_0] && val[SATA_SUPP_0] != 0xffff)) {
			printf(" (serial)");
		}
		putchar('\n');
#endif
		return transport;
	}
	printf("\t%-20s","Transport:");
	ttype = major >> 12;
	subtype = major & 0xfff;
	transport = ttype;
	switch (ttype) {
		case 0:
			printf("Parallel");
			if (subtype & 1)
				printf(", ATA8-APT");
			break;
		case 1:
			printf("Serial");
			if (subtype & 0x2f) {
				if (subtype & (1<<0))
					printf(", ATA8-AST");
				if (subtype & (1<<1))
					printf(", SATA 1.0a");
				if (subtype & (1<<2))
					printf(", SATA II Extensions");
				if (subtype & (1<<3))
					printf(", SATA Rev 2.5");
				if (subtype & (1<<4))
					printf(", SATA Rev 2.6");
				if (subtype & (1<<5))
					printf(", SATA Rev 3.0");
			}
			break;
		default:
			printf("0x%04x", major);
			break;
	}
	if (minor != 0x0000 && minor != 0xffff) {
		printf("; Revision: ");
		switch (minor) {
			case 0x21:
				printf("ATA8-AST T13 Project D1697 Revision 0b");
				break;
			default:
				printf("0x%04x", minor);
		}
	}
	putchar('\n');
	return transport;
}

static int is_cfa_dev (__u16 *id)
{
	/*
	 * id[0] == 0x848a means "CFA compliant, not ATA-4 compliant".
	 * id[0] == 0x044a is also allowed, but ISTR that some HDs use it too.
	 * Also, bit 0x0004 of id[83] means "supports CFA feature set".
	 */
	return id[0] == 0x848a || id[0] == 0x844a || (id[83] & 0xc004) == 0x4004;
}

/* our main() routine: */
void identify (__u16 *id_supplied)
{
	unsigned int sector_bytes = 512;
	__u16 val[256], ii, jj, kk;
	__u16 like_std = 1, std = 0, min_std = 0xffff;
	__u16 dev = NO_DEV, eqpt = NO_DEV;
	__u8  have_mode = 0, err_dma = 0;
	__u8  chksum = 0;
	__u32 ll, mm, nn;
	__u64 bb, bbbig; /* (:) */
	int transport, is_cfa = 0, atapi_has_dmadir = 0, sdma_ok;

	memcpy(val, id_supplied, sizeof(val));

	/* calculate checksum over all bytes */
	for (ii = GEN_CONFIG; ii<=INTEGRITY; ii++) {
		chksum += val[ii] + (val[ii] >> 8);
	}

	/* check if we recognise the device type */
	printf("\n");

	//if(val[GEN_CONFIG] == 0x848a || val[GEN_CONFIG] == 0x844a) {
	if (is_cfa_dev(val)) {
		is_cfa = 1;
		dev = ATA_DEV;
		like_std = 4;
		printf("CompactFlash ATA device\n");
	} else if(!(val[GEN_CONFIG] & NOT_ATA)) {
		dev = ATA_DEV;
		printf("ATA device, with ");
	} else if(!(val[GEN_CONFIG] & NOT_ATAPI)) {
		dev = ATAPI_DEV;
		eqpt = (val[GEN_CONFIG] & EQPT_TYPE) >> SHIFT_EQPT;
		printf("ATAPI %s, with ", pkt_str[eqpt]);
		like_std = 3;
	} else {
		printf("Unknown device type:\n\tbits 15&14 of general configuration word 0 both set to 1.\n");
		exit(EINVAL);
	}
	if (!is_cfa) {
		if(!(val[GEN_CONFIG] & MEDIA_REMOVABLE))
			printf("non-");
		printf("removable media\n");
	}

	/* Info from the specific configuration word says whether or not the
	 * ID command completed correctly.  It is only defined, however in
	 * ATA/ATAPI-5 & 6; it is reserved (value theoretically 0) in prior 
	 * standards.  Since the values allowed for this word are extremely
	 * specific, it should be safe to check it now, even though we don't
	 * know yet what standard this device is using.
	 */
	if((val[CONFIG]==STBY_NID_VAL) || (val[CONFIG]==STBY_ID_VAL) ||
	   (val[CONFIG]==PWRD_NID_VAL) || (val[CONFIG]==PWRD_ID_VAL) ) {
		like_std = 5;
		if((val[CONFIG]==STBY_NID_VAL) || (val[CONFIG]==STBY_ID_VAL))
			printf("powers-up in standby; SET FEATURES subcmd spins-up.\n");
		if(((val[CONFIG]==STBY_NID_VAL) || (val[CONFIG]==PWRD_NID_VAL)) &&
		   (val[GEN_CONFIG] & INCOMPLETE)) 
			printf("\n\tWARNING: ID response incomplete.\n\tWARNING: Following data may be incorrect.\n\n");
	}

	/* output the model and serial numbers and the fw revision */
	if(val[START_MODEL]) {
		printf("\t%-20s","Model Number:");
		print_ascii(&val[START_MODEL], LENGTH_MODEL);
	}
	if(val[START_SERIAL]) {
		printf("\t%-20s","Serial Number:");
		print_ascii( &val[START_SERIAL], LENGTH_SERIAL);
	}
	if(val[START_FW_REV]) {
		printf("\t%-20s","Firmware Revision:");
		print_ascii(&val[START_FW_REV], LENGTH_FW_REV);
	}
	if(val[START_MEDIA]) {
		printf("\t%-20s","Media Serial Num:");
		print_ascii(&val[START_MEDIA], LENGTH_MEDIA);
	}
	if(val[START_MANUF]) {
		printf("\t%-20s","Media Manufacturer:");
		print_ascii(&val[START_MANUF], LENGTH_MANUF);
	}

	transport = print_transport_type(val);

	/* major & minor standards version number (Note: these words were not
	 * defined until ATA-3 & the CDROM std uses different words.) */
	printf("Standards:");
	if(eqpt != CDROM) {
		//printf("major=%04x minor=%04x\n", val[MAJOR], val[MINOR]);
		const char * used = 0;
		if(val[MINOR] && (val[MINOR] <= MINOR_MAX)) {
			if(like_std < 3)
				like_std = 3;
			std = actual_ver[val[MINOR]];
			if (std)
				used = minor_str[val[MINOR]];
		} else {
			/* check for recent ATA-8 revision codes (not added to
			 * actual_ver/minor_str to avoid large sparse tables) */
			switch (val[MINOR]) {
			  case 0x0027: used = "ATA-8-ACS revision 3c"; break;
			  case 0x0033: used = "ATA-8-ACS revision 3e"; break;
			  case 0x0042: used = "ATA-8-ACS revision 3f"; break;
			  case 0x0052: used = "ATA-8-ACS revision 3b"; break;
			  case 0x0107: used = "ATA-8-ACS revision 2d"; break;
			}
			if (used)
				std = 8;
		}
		if (used)
			printf("\n\tUsed: %s ", used);
		else if (val[MINOR] >= 0x001f) /* first "reserved" value possibly later used by ATA-8 */
			printf("\n\tUsed: unknown (minor revision code 0x%04x) ", val[MINOR]);

		/* looks like when they up-issue the std, they obsolete one;
		 * thus, only the newest 4 issues need be supported.
		 * (That's what "kk" and "min_std" are all about) */
		if(val[MAJOR] && (val[MAJOR] != 0xffff)) {
			printf("\n\tSupported: ");
			jj = val[MAJOR] << 1;
			kk = min_ata_std(like_std);
			for (ii = 14; ii > kk; ii--) {
				if(jj & 0x8000) {
					printf("%u ", ii);
					if (ii > like_std) {
						like_std = ii;
						kk = min_ata_std(like_std);
					}
					if (min_std > ii)
						min_std = ii;
				}
				jj <<= 1;
			}
			if(like_std < 3)
				like_std = 3;
		}
		/* Figure out what standard the device is using if it hasn't told
		 * us.  If we know the std, check if the device is using any of
		 * the words from the next level up.  It happens.
		 */
		if(like_std < std) like_std = std;
		if(((std == 7) || (!std && (like_std < 8))) &&
		   (val[SCT_SUPP] & 0x1)) {
			like_std = 8;
		} else if(((std == 5) || (!std && (like_std < 6))) &&
		   ( (((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & VALID) == VALID_VAL) &&
		     ((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & CMDS_W83) > 0x00ff)) ||
		    (((val[CMDS_SUPP_2] & VALID) == VALID_VAL) &&
		     (val[CMDS_SUPP_2] & CMDS_W84) ) ) ) {
			like_std = 6;
		}  else	if(((std == 4) || (!std && (like_std < 5))) &&
		   ((((val[INTEGRITY] & SIG) == SIG_VAL) && !chksum) ||
		    ((val[HWRST_RSLT] & VALID) == VALID_VAL) ||
		    (((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & VALID) == VALID_VAL) &&
		     ((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & CMDS_W83) > 0x001f)) ) ) {
			like_std = 5;
		}  else if(((std == 3) || (!std && (like_std < 4))) &&
			   ((((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & VALID) == VALID_VAL) &&
			     (((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & CMDS_W83) > 0x0000) ||  
			      ((val[CMDS_SUPP_0] & CMDS_W82) > 0x000f))) ||
			    ((val[CAPAB_1] & VALID) == VALID_VAL) ||
			    ((val[WHATS_VALID] & OK_W88) && val[ULTRA_DMA]) ||
			    ((val[RM_STAT] & RM_STAT_BITS) == RM_STAT_SUP) ) ) {
			like_std = 4;
		}  else if(((std == 2) || (!std && (like_std < 3))) &&
			   ((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & VALID) == VALID_VAL) ) {
			like_std = 3;
		}  else if(((std == 1) || (!std && (like_std < 2))) &&
		   	   ((val[CAPAB_0] & (IORDY_SUP | IORDY_OFF)) ||
		   	    (val[WHATS_VALID] & OK_W64_70)) ) {
			like_std = 2;
		}
		if(!std) {
			printf("\n\tLikely used: %u\n",like_std);
		} else if(like_std > std) {
			printf("& some of %u\n",like_std);
		} else  printf("\n");
	} else {
		/* TBD: do CDROM stuff more thoroughly.  For now... */
		kk = 0;
		if(val[CDR_MINOR] == 9) {
			kk = 1;
			printf("\n\tUsed: ATAPI for CD-ROMs, SFF-8020i, r2.5");
		}
		if(val[CDR_MAJOR] && (val[CDR_MAJOR] != 0xffff)) {
			kk = 1;
			printf("\n\tSupported: CD-ROM ATAPI");
			jj = val[CDR_MAJOR] >> 1;
			for (ii = 1; ii <15; ii++) {
				if(jj & 0x0001) {
					printf("-%u ", ii);
				}
				jj >>= 1;
			}
		}
		if(!kk) printf("\n\tLikely used CD-ROM ATAPI-1\n");
		else	printf("\n");
		/* the cdrom stuff is more like ATA-2 than anything else, so: */
		like_std = 2;
	}

	if(min_std == 0xffff)
		min_std = like_std > 4 ? like_std - 3 : 1;

	printf("Configuration:\n");
	/* more info from the general configuration word */
	if((eqpt != CDROM) && (like_std == 1)) {
		jj = val[GEN_CONFIG] >> 1;
		for (ii = 1; ii < 15; ii++) {
			if(jj & 0x0001) printf("\t%s\n",ata1_cfg_str[ii]);
			jj >>=1;
		}
	}
	if(dev == ATAPI_DEV) {
		printf("\tDRQ response: "); /* Data Request (DRQ) */
		switch(val[GEN_CONFIG] & DRQ_RESPONSE_TIME) {
		case DRQ_3MS_VAL : printf("3ms.\n"); break;
		case DRQ_INTR_VAL : printf("<=10ms with INTRQ\n"); break;
		case DRQ_50US_VAL : printf("50us.\n"); break;
		default : printf("unknown.\n"); break;
		}
		printf("\tPacket size: ");
		switch(val[GEN_CONFIG] & PKT_SIZE_SUPPORTED) {
		case PKT_SIZE_12_VAL : printf("12 bytes\n"); break;
		case PKT_SIZE_16_VAL : printf("16 bytes\n"); break;
		default : printf("Unknown\n"); break;
		}
	} else {
		/* addressing...CHS? See section 6.2 of ATA specs 4 or 5 */
		ll = 0; mm = 0; bb = 0; bbbig = 0;
		if (val[CAPAB_0] & LBA_SUP)
			ll = (__u32)val[LBA_SECTS_MSB] << 16 | val[LBA_SECTS_LSB];
		if ( (ll > 0x00FBFC10) && (!val[LCYLS])) {
			printf("\tCHS addressing not supported\n");
		} else {
			jj = val[WHATS_VALID] & OK_W54_58;
			printf("\tLogical\t\tmax\tcurrent\n");
			printf("\tcylinders\t%u\t%u\n",val[LCYLS],jj?val[LCYLS_CUR]:0);
			printf("\theads\t\t%u\t%u\n",val[LHEADS],jj?val[LHEADS_CUR]:0);
			printf("\tsectors/track\t%u\t%u\n",val[LSECTS],jj?val[LSECTS_CUR]:0);
			if(jj)
				bb = (__u64)val[LCYLS_CUR] * val[LHEADS_CUR] * val[LSECTS_CUR];
			else
				bb = (__u64)val[LCYLS] * val[LHEADS] * val[LSECTS];
			printf("\t--\n");
			if((min_std == 1) && (val[TRACK_BYTES] || val[SECT_BYTES])) {
				printf("\tbytes/track: %u",val[TRACK_BYTES]);
				printf("\tbytes/sector: %u\n",val[SECT_BYTES]);
			}
			if(jj) {
				mm = (__u32)val[CAPACITY_MSB] << 16 | val[CAPACITY_LSB];
				/* ATA-1 is ambiguous on ordering of words 57 & 58 */
				if(like_std < 3) {
					nn = (__u32)val[CAPACITY_LSB] << 16 | val[CAPACITY_MSB];
					/* check Endian of capacity bytes */
					if(abs(mm - bb) > abs(nn - bb))
						mm = nn;
				}
				printf("\tCHS current addressable sectors:%11u\n",mm);
			} 
		}
		if (val[CAPAB_0] & LBA_SUP) {
		/* LBA addressing */
			printf("\tLBA    user addressable sectors:%11u\n",ll);
			if( ((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & VALID) == VALID_VAL) &&
			     (val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & SUPPORT_48_BIT) ) {
				bbbig = (__u64)val[LBA_64_MSB] << 48 | 
				        (__u64)val[LBA_48_MSB] << 32 |
				        (__u64)val[LBA_MID] << 16 | 
					val[LBA_LSB] ;
				printf("\tLBA48  user addressable sectors:%11llu\n", (unsigned long long)bbbig);
			}
		}
		if((val[106] & 0xc000) != 0x4000) {
			printf("\t%-31s %11u bytes\n","Logical/Physical Sector size:", sector_bytes);
		} else {
			unsigned int lsize = 256, pfactor = 1;
			if (val[106] & (1<<13))
				pfactor = (1 << (val[106] & 0xf));
			if (val[106] & (1<<12))
				lsize = (val[118] << 16) | val[117];
			sector_bytes = 2 * lsize;
			printf("\t%-31s %11u bytes\n","Logical  Sector size:", sector_bytes);
			printf("\t%-31s %11u bytes\n","Physical Sector size:", sector_bytes * pfactor);
			if ((val[209] & 0xc000) == 0x4000) {
				unsigned int offset = val[209] & 0x1fff;
				printf("\t%-31s %11u bytes\n", "Logical Sector-0 offset:", offset * sector_bytes);
			}
		}
		if (!bbbig) bbbig = (__u64)(ll>mm ? ll : mm); /* # 512 byte blocks */
		if (!bbbig) bbbig = bb;
		bbbig *= (sector_bytes / 512);
		printf("\tdevice size with M = 1024*1024: %11llu MBytes\n", (unsigned long long)(bbbig>>11));
		bbbig = (bbbig<<9)/1000000;
		printf("\tdevice size with M = 1000*1000: %11llu MBytes ", (unsigned long long)bbbig);
		if(bbbig > 1000) printf("(%llu GB)\n", (unsigned long long)(bbbig/1000));
		else printf("\n");
	}

	/* device cache/buffer size, if reported (obsolete field, but usually valid regardless) */
	printf("\tcache/buffer size  = ");
	if (val[20] <= 3 && val[BUF_SIZE] && val[BUF_SIZE] != 0xffff) {
		printf("%u KBytes", val[BUF_SIZE] / 2);
		if (val[20])
			printf(" (type=%s)", BuffType[val[20]]);
	} else {
		printf("unknown");
	}
	putchar('\n');

	/* Form factor */
	if(val[168] && (val[168] & 0xfff8) == 0) {
		printf("\tForm Factor: ");
		switch(val[168]) {
		case 1:
			printf("5.25 inch");
			break;
		case 2:
			printf("3.5 inch");
			break;
		case 3:
			printf("2.5 inch");
			break;
		case 4:
			printf("1.8 inch");
			break;
		case 5:
			printf("less than 1.8 inch");
			break;
		default:
			printf("unknown (0x%04x]", val[168]);
			break;
		}
		printf("\n");
	}

	/* Spinning disk or solid state? */
	if(val[NMRR] == 1)
		printf("\tNominal Media Rotation Rate: Solid State Device\n");
	else if(val[NMRR] > 0x401)
		printf("\tNominal Media Rotation Rate: %u\n", val[NMRR]);

	/* hw support of commands (capabilities) */
	printf("Capabilities:\n");
	printf("\t");
	if(dev == ATAPI_DEV) {
		if(eqpt != CDROM) {
			if(val[CAPAB_0] & CMD_Q_SUP) printf("Cmd queuing, ");
		}
		if(val[CAPAB_0] & OVLP_SUP) printf("Cmd overlap, ");
	}
	if(val[CAPAB_0] & LBA_SUP) printf("LBA, ");
	if(like_std != 1) {
		printf("IORDY");
		if(!(val[CAPAB_0] & IORDY_SUP)) printf("(may be)");
		if(val[CAPAB_0] & IORDY_OFF) printf("(can");
		else			     printf("(cannot");
		printf(" be disabled)");
	} else {
		printf("IORDY not likely"); 
	}
	printf("\n");
	if((like_std == 1) && val[BUF_TYPE]) {
		kk = val[BUF_TYPE];
		printf("\tBuffer type: %04x: ",kk);
		if (kk < 2) 	printf("single port, single-sector");
		else		printf("dual port, multi-sector");
		if (kk > 2)	printf(" with read caching ability");
		printf("\n");
	}
	jj = 0;
	if((min_std == 1) && (val[BUF_SIZE] && (val[BUF_SIZE] != 0xffff))) {
		printf("\tBuffer size: %.1fkB",(float)val[BUF_SIZE]/2);
		jj = 1;
	}
	if((min_std < 4) && (val[RW_LONG])) {
		printf("\tbytes avail on r/w long: %u",val[RW_LONG]);
		jj = 1;
	}
	if((eqpt != CDROM) && (like_std > 3)) {
		int has_queuing = 0;
		if (transport == 1 || (val[SATA_CAP_0] && val[SATA_CAP_0] != 0xffff)) {
			if (val[SATA_CAP_0] & 0x0100)
				has_queuing = 1;	// SATA NCQ
		}
		if ((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & VALID) == VALID_VAL && val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & 2) {
			has_queuing = 1;		// TCQ
		}
		if (has_queuing) {
			printf("\tQueue depth: %u",(val[QUEUE_DEPTH] & DEPTH_BITS)+1);
			jj = 1;
		}
	}
	if(jj) printf("\n");
	if(dev == ATA_DEV) {
		if(like_std == 1) {
			printf("\tCan");
			if(!val[DWORD_IO]) printf("not");
			printf(" perform double-word IO\n");
		} else {
			printf("\tStandby timer values: spec'd by ");
			if(val[CAPAB_0] & STD_STBY) printf("Standard");
			else 			    printf("Vendor");
			if((like_std > 3) && ((val[CAPAB_1] & VALID) == VALID_VAL)) {
				if(val[CAPAB_1] & MIN_STANDBY_TIMER) printf(", with ");
				else 				     printf(", no ");
				printf("device specific minimum\n");
			} else  printf("\n");
		}
		printf("\tR/W multiple sector transfer: ");
		if((like_std < 3) && !(val[SECTOR_XFER_MAX] & SECTOR_XFER)) {
			printf("not supported\n");
		} else {
			printf("Max = %u\t",val[SECTOR_XFER_MAX] & SECTOR_XFER);
			printf("Current = ");
			if(val[SECTOR_XFER_CUR] & MULTIPLE_SETTING_VALID)
				printf("%u\n",val[SECTOR_XFER_CUR] & SECTOR_XFER);
			else	printf("?\n");
		}
		if((like_std > 3) && (val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & 0xc008) == 0x4008) {
			printf("\tAdvanced power management level: ");
			if (val[CMDS_EN_1] & 0x0008)
				printf("%u\n", val[ADV_PWR] & 0xff);
			else
				printf("disabled\n");
		}
		if(like_std > 5) {
			if(val[ACOUSTIC]) {
				printf("\tRecommended acoustic management value: %u, current value: %u\n", (val[ACOUSTIC] >> 8) & 0x00ff, val[ACOUSTIC] & 0x00ff);
			}
		}
	} else { /* ATAPI */
		if(eqpt != CDROM) {
			if(val[CAPAB_0] & SWRST_REQ) printf("\tATA sw reset required\n");
		}
		if(val[PKT_REL] || val[SVC_NBSY]) {
			printf("\tOverlap support:");
			if(val[PKT_REL]) printf(" %uus to release bus.",val[PKT_REL]);
			if(val[SVC_NBSY]) printf(" %uus to clear BSY after SERVICE cmd.",val[SVC_NBSY]);
			printf("\n");
		}
	}

	/* Some SATA-ATAPI devices use a different interpretation of IDENTIFY words for DMA modes */
	if (dev == ATAPI_DEV && val[62] & 0x8000) {
		atapi_has_dmadir = 1;
		sdma_ok = 0;  /* word 62 has been re-purposed for non-sdma mode reporting */
		printf("\tDMADIR bit required in PACKET commands\n");
	} else {
		__u16 w62 = val[62];
		__u8 hi = w62 >> 8, lo = w62;
		if (!w62 || (lo & 0xf8))
			sdma_ok = 0;
		else if (hi && hi != 1 && hi != 2 && hi != 4)
			sdma_ok = 0;
		else
			sdma_ok = 1;
	}

	printf("\tDMA: ");
	/* DMA stuff. Check that only one DMA mode is selected. */
	if(!atapi_has_dmadir && !(val[CAPAB_0] & DMA_SUP)) {
		printf("not supported\n");
	} else {
		if(val[DMA_MODE] && !val[62] && !val[MULTI_DMA]) {
			printf("sdma%u",(val[DMA_MODE] & MODE) >> 8);
		} else {
			if(sdma_ok) {
				kk = val[62] >> 8;
				jj = val[62];
				err_dma += mode_loop(jj,kk,'s',&have_mode);
			}
			if(val[MULTI_DMA]) {
				kk = val[MULTI_DMA] >> 8;
				jj = atapi_has_dmadir ? (val[62] >> 7) & 7 : val[MULTI_DMA];
				err_dma += mode_loop(jj,kk,'m',&have_mode);
			}
			if((val[WHATS_VALID] & OK_W88) && val[ULTRA_DMA]) {
				kk = val[ULTRA_DMA] >> 8;
				jj = atapi_has_dmadir ? val[62] & 0x7f : val[ULTRA_DMA];
				err_dma += mode_loop(jj,kk,'u',&have_mode);
			}
			if(err_dma || !have_mode)
				printf("(?)");
		}
		printf("\n");

		if((dev == ATAPI_DEV) && (eqpt != CDROM) && (val[CAPAB_0] & DMA_IL_SUP)) 
			printf("\t     Interleaved DMA support\n");

		if((val[WHATS_VALID] & OK_W64_70) && 
		   (val[DMA_TIME_MIN] || val[DMA_TIME_NORM])) {
			printf("\t     Cycle time:");
			if(val[DMA_TIME_MIN])
				printf(" min=%uns",val[DMA_TIME_MIN]);
			if(val[DMA_TIME_NORM])
				printf(" recommended=%uns",val[DMA_TIME_NORM]);
			printf("\n");
		}
	}

	/* Programmed IO stuff */
	printf("\tPIO: ");
        /* If a drive supports mode n (e.g. 3), it also supports all modes less
	 * than n (e.g. 3, 2, 1 and 0).  Print all the modes. */
	if((val[WHATS_VALID] & OK_W64_70) && (val[ADV_PIO_MODES] & PIO_SUP)) {
		jj = ((val[ADV_PIO_MODES] & PIO_SUP) << 3) | 0x0007;
		for (ii = 0; ii <= PIO_MODE_MAX ; ii++) {
			if(jj & 0x0001)
				printf("pio%d ",ii);
			jj >>=1;
		}
		printf("\n");
	} else if(((min_std < 5) || (eqpt == CDROM)) && ((val[PIO_MODE]>>8) <= 2)) {
		for (ii = 0; ii <= val[PIO_MODE]>>8; ii++) {
			printf("pio%d ",ii);
		}
		printf("\n");
	} else  printf("unknown\n");
	if(val[WHATS_VALID] & OK_W64_70) {
		if(val[PIO_NO_FLOW] || val[PIO_FLOW]) {
			printf("\t     Cycle time:");
			if(val[PIO_NO_FLOW])
				printf(" no flow control=%uns", val[PIO_NO_FLOW]);
			if(val[PIO_FLOW])
				printf("  IORDY flow control=%uns", val[PIO_FLOW]);
			printf("\n");
		}
	}

	if((val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & VALID) == VALID_VAL){
		printf("Commands/features:\n\tEnabled\tSupported:\n");
		print_features(val[CMDS_SUPP_0] & 0x7fff, val[CMDS_EN_0], feat_word82_str);
		if( (val[CMDS_SUPP_1] &  VALID) == VALID_VAL)
			print_features(val[CMDS_SUPP_1] & 0x3fff, val[CMDS_EN_1], feat_word83_str);
		if( (val[CMDS_SUPP_2] &  VALID) == VALID_VAL
		 && (val[CMDS_EN_2]  &   VALID) == VALID_VAL) {
			print_features(val[CMDS_SUPP_2] & 0x3fff, val[CMDS_EN_2], feat_word84_str);
			if ((val[CMDS_SUPP_2] & 0x1800) == 0x1800 && val[116] && val[116] != 0xffff)
				printf("                (%u msec for TLC completion timer)\n", 10 * (unsigned int)(val[116]));
		}
		if( (val[CMDS_SUPP_1] &  VALID) == VALID_VAL
		 && (val[CMDS_EN_1]   & 0x8000) == 0x8000
		 && (val[CMDS_SUPP_3] &  VALID) == VALID_VAL
		 && (val[CMDS_EN_3]   &  VALID) == VALID_VAL)
			print_features(val[CMDS_SUPP_3] & 0x3fff, val[CMDS_EN_3], feat_3_str);
		if (transport == 1 || (val[SATA_CAP_0] && val[SATA_CAP_0] != 0xffff))
			print_features(val[SATA_CAP_0],  val[SATA_CAP_0], cap_sata0_str);
		if (transport == 1 || (val[SATA_SUPP_0] && val[SATA_SUPP_0] != 0xffff))
			print_features(val[SATA_SUPP_0], val[SATA_EN_0], feat_sata0_str);
		if (val[SCT_SUPP] & 0x1)
			print_features(val[SCT_SUPP], val[SCT_SUPP] & 0x3f, feat_sct_str);
	}
	if (like_std > 6) {
		const __u16 trimd = 1<<14;	/* deterministic read data after TRIM */
		const __u16 trimz = 1<<5;	/* deterministic read ZEROs after TRIM */
		__u16 word69 = val[69] & ~(trimz | trimd); /* TRIM bits require special interpretation */
		print_features(word69, word69, feat_word69_str);
		if (val[169] & 1 && val[169] != 0xffff) { /* supports TRIM ? */
			printf("\t   *\tData Set Management TRIM supported");
			if (val[105] && val[105] != 0xffff)
				printf(" (limit %u block%s)\n", val[105], val[105] > 1 ? "s" : "");
			else
				printf(" (limit unknown)\n");
			if (val[69] & trimd) { /* Deterministic TRIM support */
				if (val[69] & trimz)
					print_features(trimz, trimz, feat_word69_str);
				else
					print_features(trimd, trimd, feat_word69_str);
			}
		}
		
	}

	if (is_cfa) {
		unsigned int mode, max, selected;
		char modes[256];
		modes[0] = '\0';

		// CFA pio5-6:
		max = val[163] & 7;
		if (max == 1 || max == 2) {
			selected = (val[163] >> 6) & 7;
			for (mode = 1; mode <= max; ++mode) {
				if (mode == selected)
					strcat(modes, "*");
				sprintf(modes + strlen(modes), "pio%u ", mode + 4);
			}
		}
		// CFA mdma3-4:
		max = (val[163] >> 3) & 7;
		if (max == 1 || max == 2) {
			selected = (val[163] >> 9) & 7;
			for (mode = 1; mode <= max; ++mode) {
				if (mode == selected)
					strcat(modes, "*");
				sprintf(modes + strlen(modes), "mdma%u ", mode + 2);
			}
		}
		if (val[164] & 0x8000)
		{
			static const unsigned char io_times [4] = {255,120,100,80};
			static const unsigned char mem_times[4] = {250,120,100,80};
			max = val[164] & 7;
			if (max <= 3)
				printf("\t\tCFA max advanced io_udma cycle time: %uns\n", io_times[max]);
			max = (val[164] >> 3) & 7;
			if (max <= 3)
				printf("\t\tCFA max advanced mem_udma cycle time: %uns\n", mem_times[max]);
			// CFA ioport dma0-6:
			max = (val[164] >> 6) & 7;
			if (max <= 6) {
				selected = (val[164] >> 12) & 7;
				for (mode = 0; mode <= max; ++mode) {
					if (mode == selected)
						strcat(modes, "*");
					sprintf(modes + strlen(modes), "io_udma%u ", mode + 4);
				}
			}
			// CFA memory udma0-6:
			max = (val[164] >> 9) & 7;
			if (max <= 6) {
				selected = (val[164] >> 12) & 7;
				for (mode = 0; mode <= max; ++mode) {
					if (mode == selected)
						strcat(modes, "*");
					sprintf(modes + strlen(modes), "mem_udma%u ", mode + 4);
				}
			}
		}
		if (modes[0])
			printf("\t   *\tCFA advanced modes: %s\n", modes);

		if(val[CFA_PWR_MODE] & VALID_W160) {
			putchar('\t');
			if((val[CFA_PWR_MODE] & PWR_MODE_REQ) == 0)
				printf("   *");
			printf("\tCFA Power Level 1 ");
			if(val[CFA_PWR_MODE] & PWR_MODE_REQ)
				printf(" not supported");
			if(val[CFA_PWR_MODE] & MAX_AMPS)
				printf(" (max %umA)", val[CFA_PWR_MODE] & MAX_AMPS);
			printf("\n");
		}
		//else printf("\t\tCFA Power modes not reported\n");
		if (val[162] && val[162] != 0xffff) {
			if (val[162] & 1)
				printf("\t\tKey Management (CPRM) feature set\n");
		}
	}

	if((val[RM_STAT] & RM_STAT_BITS) == RM_STAT_SUP) 
		printf("\t\tRemovable Media Status Notification feature set supported\n");

	/* security */
	if((eqpt != CDROM) && (like_std > 3) && (val[SECU_STATUS] || val[ERASE_TIME] || val[ENH_ERASE_TIME]))
	{
		printf("Security: \n");
		if(val[PSWD_CODE] && (val[PSWD_CODE] != 0xffff))
			printf("\tMaster password revision code = %u\n",val[PSWD_CODE]);
		jj = val[SECU_STATUS];
		if(jj) {
			for (ii = 0; ii < NUM_SECU_STR; ii++) {
				if(!(jj & 0x0001)) printf("\tnot\t");
				else		   printf("\t\t");
				printf("%s\n",secu_str[ii]);
				jj >>=1;
			}
			if(val[SECU_STATUS] & SECU_ENABLED) {
				printf("\tSecurity level ");
				if(val[SECU_STATUS] & SECU_LEVEL) printf("maximum\n");
				else				  printf("high\n");
			}
		}
		jj =  val[ERASE_TIME];
		kk =  val[ENH_ERASE_TIME];
		if((jj && jj <= 0x00ff) || (kk && kk <= 0x00ff)) {
			printf("\t");
			if(jj) printf("%umin for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. ",         (jj == 0xff) ? 508 : (jj * 2));
			if(kk) printf("%umin for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.", (kk == 0xff) ? 508 : (kk * 2));
			printf("\n");
		}
	}
	//printf("w84=0x%04x w87=0x%04x like_std=%d\n", val[84], val[87], like_std);
	if((eqpt != CDROM) && (like_std > 3) && (val[CMDS_SUPP_2] & WWN_SUP)) {
		printf("Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: %04x%04x%04x%04x\n", val[108], val[109], val[110], val[111]);
		printf("\tNAA\t\t: %x\n", (val[108] & 0xf000) >> 12);
		printf("\tIEEE OUI\t: %06x\n", (((val[108] & 0x0fff) << 12) | ((val[109] & 0xfff0) >> 4)));
		printf("\tUnique ID\t: %x%08x\n", (val[109] & 0x000f), ((val[110] << 16) | val[111]));
	}

	/* reset result */
	if((val[HWRST_RSLT] & VALID) == VALID_VAL) {
		printf("HW reset results:\n");
		if(val[HWRST_RSLT] & CBLID) printf("\tCBLID- above Vih\n");
		else			    printf("\tCBLID- below Vih\n");
		if(val[HWRST_RSLT] & RST0)  {
			printf("\tDevice num = 0");
			jj = val[HWRST_RSLT];
		} else {
			printf("\tDevice num = 1");
			jj = val[HWRST_RSLT] >> 8;
		}
		if((jj & DEV_DET) == JUMPER_VAL) 
			printf(" determined by the jumper");
		else if((jj & DEV_DET) == CSEL_VAL)
			printf(" determined by CSEL");
		printf("\n");
	}

	/* more stuff from std 5 */
	if ((like_std > 4) && (eqpt != CDROM)) {
		if ((val[INTEGRITY] & SIG) == SIG_VAL) {
			printf("Checksum: %scorrect", chksum ? "in" : "");
			if (chksum)
				printf(" (0x%02x), expected 0x%02x\n", chksum, 0x100 - chksum);
			putchar('\n');
		} else {
			printf("Integrity word not set (found 0x%04x, expected 0x%02x%02x)\n",
				val[INTEGRITY], 0x100 - chksum, SIG_VAL);
		}
	}
}

__u8 mode_loop(__u16 mode_sup, __u16 mode_sel, int cc, __u8 *have_mode) {
	__u16 ii;
	__u8 err_dma = 0;
	for (ii = 0; ii <= MODE_MAX; ii++) {
		if(mode_sel & 0x0001) {
			printf("*%cdma%u ",cc,ii);
			if(*have_mode) err_dma = 1;
			*have_mode = 1;
		} else if(mode_sup & 0x0001) {
			printf("%cdma%u ",cc,ii);
		}
		mode_sup >>=1;   mode_sel >>=1;
	}
	return err_dma;
}

void dco_identify_print (__u16 *dco)
{
	__u64 lba;

	printf("DCO Revision: 0x%04x", dco[0]);
	if (dco[0] == 0 || dco[0] > 2)
		printf(" -- unknown, treating as 0002");
	printf("\nThe following features can be selectively disabled via DCO:\n");

	printf("\tTransfer modes:\n\t\t");
	if (dco[1] & 0x0007) {
		     if (dco[1] & (1<<2)) printf(" mdma0 mdma1 mdma2");
		else if (dco[1] & (1<<1)) printf(" mdma0 mdma1");
		else if (dco[1] & (1<<0)) printf(" mdma0");
		printf("\n\t\t");
	}
	if (dco[2] & (1<<6)) {
		printf(" udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 udma6");
		if (dco[0] < 2)
			printf("(?)");
	}
	else if (dco[2] & (1<<5)) printf(" udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5");
	else if (dco[2] & (1<<4)) printf(" udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4");
	else if (dco[2] & (1<<3)) printf(" udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3");
	else if (dco[2] & (1<<2)) printf(" udma0 udma1 udma2");
	else if (dco[2] & (1<<1)) printf(" udma0 udma1");
	else if (dco[2] & (1<<0)) printf(" udma0");
	putchar('\n');

	lba = ((((__u64)dco[5]) << 32) | (dco[4] << 16) | dco[3]) + 1;
	printf("\tReal max sectors: %llu\n", lba);

	printf("\tATA command/feature sets:");
	if (dco[7] & 0x01ff) {
		printf("\n\t\t");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 0)) printf(" SMART");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 1)) printf(" self_test");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 2)) printf(" error_log");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 3)) printf(" security");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 4)) printf(" PUIS");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 5)) printf(" TCQ");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 6)) printf(" AAM");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 7)) printf(" HPA");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 8)) printf(" 48_bit");
	}
	if (dco[7] & 0xfe00) {
		printf("\n\t\t");
		if (dco[0] < 2)
			printf(" (?):");
		if (dco[7] & (1<< 9)) printf(" streaming");
		if (dco[7] & (1<<10)) printf(" TLC_Reserved_7[10]");
		if (dco[7] & (1<<11)) printf(" FUA");
		if (dco[7] & (1<<12)) printf(" selective_test");
		if (dco[7] & (1<<13)) printf(" conveyance_test");
		if (dco[7] & (1<<14)) printf(" write_read_verify");
		if (dco[7] & (1<<15)) printf(" reserved_7[15]");
	}
	if (dco[21] & 0xf800) {
		printf("\n\t\t");
		if (dco[0] < 2)
			printf(" (?):");
		if (dco[21] & (1<<11)) printf(" free_fall");
		if (dco[21] & (1<<12)) printf(" trusted_computing");
		if (dco[21] & (1<<13)) printf(" WRITE_UNC_EXT");
		if (dco[21] & (1<<14)) printf(" NV_cache_power_management");
		if (dco[21] & (1<<15)) printf(" NV_cache");
	}
	putchar('\n');

	if (dco[8] && 0x1f) {
		printf("\tSATA command/feature sets:\n\t\t");
		if (dco[0] < 2)
			printf(" (?):");
		if (dco[8] & (1<<0)) printf(" NCQ");
		if (dco[8] & (1<<1)) printf(" NZ_buffer_offsets");
		if (dco[8] & (1<<2)) printf(" interface_power_management");
		if (dco[8] & (1<<3)) printf(" async_notification");
		if (dco[8] & (1<<4)) printf(" SSP");
		putchar('\n');
	}
}
